Lowitz arcs.

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Lowitz arcs are three arcs that can be seen at rare occasions. They are named after its discoverer Tobias Lowitz who observed them during a spectacular halo display in St Petersburg 1790. The three arcs all pass through the sundog (parhelion). The lower Lowitz (infralateral) arc is tangent to the 22° halo below the sundog and the upper Lowitz (supralateral) arc is tangent to the 22° halo above the sundog. The third one is is called circular Lowitz (mesolateral) arc and passes vertically through the sundog.


 
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